Radiography and Fluoroscopy
The student can:
- explain the characteristics of X-ray images and imaging devices
- explain the basic principles underlying X-ray imaging technology
- compare the relative merits of different X-ray imaging technologies
- identify the major components and operation of radiographic and mammographic imaging systems
- discuss image quality in relation to dose and acquisition and reconstruction parameters
CT
The student can:
- explain the characteristics of CT images and the CT scanner
- explain the basic principles of tomography
- explain the various acquisition and reconstruction parameters and their relations on image quality and dose
- develop acquisition and reconstruction protocols for simple clinical applications
- adjust CT technique factors to provide sufficient image quality with reduced radiation dose
PET/SPECT
The student can:
- explain the characteristics of PET and SPECT scanners and their resulting images
- explain the various acquisition and reconstruction parameters in PET and SPECT and their relations on image quality, artefacts, and quantification
- develop acquisition and reconstruction protocols for typical clinical applications
- identify typical image artefacts and their causes in PET/SPECT images
MRI
The student can:
- explain the characteristics of MR images and MRI scanners
- explain the basic principles underlying MR imaging
- explain the various acquisition and reconstruction parameters and their relations on image resolution, SNR and acquisition time
- develop acquisition and reconstruction protocols for simple clinical applications
- adjust MRI imaging sequence parameters to provide sufficient image quality with reduced acquisition time
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The goal of this course is that students understand and can apply techniques that are currently used in the clinic to generate medical images from signals. Next to that they can optimize the acquisition and reconstruction of these images for specific purposes such as image quality, acquisition time or dose reduction.
It is expected from the students that they already know how to get a measurable signal from a human body using CT, PET/SPECT and MRI. The requirements on hardware to obtain signals should therefore be known. Using this course the students learn how to make optimal use of this equipment.
The lectures on radiography and fluoroscopic imaging give the student an overview of the radiographic and mammographic systems used in the clinic, as well as on fluoroscopy systems used for interventional procedures. The different clinical applications of these systems, their relation to patient dose, and the relation between image quality and the diagnostic accuracy are discussed.
In the lectures on Computed Tomography students will gain insight in the different configurations of CT systems, the techniques of image formation, image reconstruction and the influence of acquisition and reconstruction parameters on image quality. In addition, the students will learn about radiation dose in CT and the significance of dose saving strategies and radiation dose indices provided on the scanner. The translation of the technical parameters on CT and their influence on the diagnosis of patients will be enlightened by different case studies.
The PET/SPECT lectures will introduce the key aspects of nuclear medicine imaging. Radioactivity as a means of detecting functional processes inside the body and radiation protection issues will be considered. The students will also gain insight into technological basics of PET and SPECT scanners as well as into image reconstruction and quantification techniques. Typical artefacts will be presented in selected case studies.
During the MRI part of the course students will become familiar with signal encoding that makes generating images possible and the parameters that influence the resulting image quality and resolution. Next to that, students will learn how this acquisition can be described and optimized in the frequency domain. Finally, by practical sessions on an MRI scanner students will learn how to use a scanner and optimize it for a specific use.
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